The dura is the outermost lining of the brain and spinal cord. Infections may develop on the outside of this layer of tissue. They may occur both within the brain as well as within the spine. They are often associated with other infections. Although the dura forms a good barrier to keep bacteria from entering the spinal fluid and central nervous system, infections still may occur. If the infection spreads beyond the dura, meningitis, brain abscess, or subdural empyema may develop.
Causes of Epidural Abscess
Epidural abscess in the brain usually comes from direct spread from infected sinuses or middle ear infections. They may occur after trauma, when fractures develop. Epidural infections in the spine may spread from infected bones or intervertebral discs. They may also spread through the blood stream, being deposited by the veins which encircle the spinal canal.
Signs and Symptoms of Epidural Abscess
The symptoms depend on whether the spine or brain is involved. When the spine is involved, there is often localized pain and muscle spasms. There is usually a fever. If the epidural abscess becomes large enough, it may compress the adjacent spinal cord and nerves leading to weakness, numbness, or tingling. Urinary difficulty may occur. When the brain is involved, the symptoms are similar. There is often headaches, fever, and possibly chills. Compression or irritation of the underlying brain can lead to localized neurological problems and seizures.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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