Atherosclerosis, the buildup of plaque in the walls of arteries, is the usual cause of peripheral vascular disease. As the arteries thicken, the lumen, or opening of the artery becomes narrowed. During exercise these narrowed vessels are unable to provide adequate blood flow to the muscles. Pain and weakness can develop. It is usually relieved by rest. Peripheral vascular disease usually affects people over 50 years of age and is more common in men. The presence of diabetes greatly increases the risk of developing peripheral vascular disease. The simultaneous presence of heart disease, caused by narrowing of the blood vessels to the heart, is common.
Causes of Peripheral Vascular Disease
The most common cause of peripheral vascular disease is atherosclerosis. Obesity, sedentary life styles, smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol and hypertension are all risk factors.
Signs and Symptoms of Peripheral Vascular Disease
Pain in the muscles which occur with exercise is the most common symptoms. Although it typically occur in the calves, any other area may be involved. The pain is usually relieved with rest. Erectile dysfunction in men is a common accompaniment of peripheral vascular disease. As the diameters of the blood vessels become narrower, the symptoms become more severe. Eventually, the involved extremity may appear blue or feel cold. Ulcers of the skin may develop that do not heal. Dry, hairless skin occurs. Numbness and hypersensitivity to cold may develop.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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