Sick Sinus Syndrome

Overview of Sick Sinus Syndrome

The sinoatrial node is an area of tissue within the upper chamber of the right side of the heart. It undergoes spontaneous depolarization or discharge which controls the rate of the heart. In sick sinus syndrome, this tissue does not work normally and the heart rate varies from too slow to too rapid. It most commonly occurs in the elderly. Sick sinus syndrome is often progressive.

Causes of Sick Sinus Syndrome

Most cases of sick sinus syndrome are caused by vascular disease. This occurs because branches of the coronary arteries which supply the sinoartial node become narrowed or obstructed. This usually occurs from atherosclerosis, where the walls of the arteries become thickened and diseased. The cells which normally maintain normal cardiac rhythm become damaged and no longer function normally.

Signs and Symptoms of Sick Sinus Syndrome

Irregularity of the heart rate is the cardinal symptom. Due to these changes in heart rate, a person may experience episodes of light-headedness. Occasionally, loss of consciousness may occur and there may be shortness of breath.

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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008

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