Nodular growths that occur within the large intestine or colon are termed colon polyps. They usually do not produce any symptoms. The incidence of polyps increases with age, with two thirds of people over 60 years of age having them.
Most cases of colorectal cancer develop from initially benign colon polyps. The chance of developing cancer is related to the size of the polyp. Early diagnosis, usually by colonoscopy, with removal of the polyps is, therefore, beneficial in decreasing the risk of colorectal cancer.
Causes of Colon Polyps
The cause of colon polyps is unknown. Certain hereditary factors, such as familial colonic polyposis, may increase the risk of colon polyps. Also, diets high in fat and low in fiber may contribute to polyp formation. Chronic irritation of the colon, seen in diseases such as ulcerative colitis, may also increase the risk of developing colon polyps. People who have developed one colon polyp have an increased risk of developing others.
Signs and Symptoms of Colon Polyps
There are usually no symptoms produced by colon polyps. Most commonly they are found during colonoscopy. However, they can produce rectal bleeding and blood or mucus in the stool. They may produce abdominal pain and change in the frequency or appearance of bowel movements.
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