Infectious colitis is usually an acute disease of the large intestine, or colon. A number of bacteria may produce this disorder. Inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's disease and Ulcerative colitis can produce a clinical picture which is indistinguishable from infectious colitis. Pseudomembranous colitis, which is produced by a toxic given off by Clostridium difficile bacteria in the intestinal tract, also produces a clinical picture similar to acute infectious colitis.
Causes of Infectious Colitis
A number of bacteria can lead to acute infectious colitis. These include species of Yersenia enterocolitica, Salmonella, Shigella, Camphylobacter, Clostridium and E. Coli. Some bacteria, such as Claustridium difficile, may elaborate a toxic substance that leads to the development of pseudomembranous colitis.
Signs and Symptoms of Infectious Colitis
Lower abdominal pain, which is frequently cramping, is seen with infectious colitis. There is often fever and watery or bloody diarrhea. The abdominal discomfort may occur with food intake or the desire to have a bowel movement. The pain often temporarily improves after the passage of stool or gas. Rectal pain and cramping may be present.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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