Hypopituitarism is a rare disorder that results from decreased production of the hormones of the pituitary gland. There are six hormones that are produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. These include the growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, leutenizing hormone, prolactin, and ACTH. In addition, the posterior lobe of the pituitary releases antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin. The antidiuretic hormone is responsible for maintaining normal water balance in the kidney. Widespread effects are seen when these hormones are not present in their normal quantities.
Causes of Hypopituitarism
Hypopituitarism is usually caused by a pituitary tumor that damages normal pituitary tissue as the tumor enlarges. Pituitary surgery or radiation to the region of the pituitary may produce hypopituitarism. Hypotension due to blood loss may damage the pituitary gland as well as severe head injuries. These conditions may all lead to various degrees of decreased pituitary gland function.
Signs and Symptoms of Hypopituitarism
Decreased growth is seen in children and adolescents. There may be lack of development of secondary sexual varcharacteristics. Nausea, vomiting, and weakness may occur. People may complain of intolerance to the cold. Slowed heart beat occurs. Hoarseness may develop. Constant thirst and excessive urine output may develop. Constipation may occur secondary to some degree of dehydration.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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