Overview of Temporomandibular Joint (tmj) Syndrome
The temporomandibular joint connects the jaw to the skull. It is composed of a lining of cartilage, a small disc, and the muscles and ligaments that form the joint. These joints are subject to degenerative changes and occasionally can develop tumors or infections. Since the two joints work in conjunction with one another, if there is asymmetry of function for any reason, it can damage the joint. Bruxism, or grinding of the teeth, can also lead to discomfort or pain in the temporomandibular joints, or TMJs. This disorder is more common in women, but can affect both sexes.
Causes of Temporomandibular Joint (tmj) Syndrome
TMJ is usually caused by faulty alignment between the upper and lower jaws. This can be the product of displacement of the joint from injuries to the jaw, head, or neck. Inflammation of the joint can occur as well as myofascial pain dysfunction Damage to the joint can lead to hypermobility and , subsequently, joint pain. Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis and tumors can all affect the temporomandibular joint.
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Joint (tmj) Syndrome
TMJ disorders can produce dull, aching pain on one side of the jaw, just below and in front of the ear canal. The pain may radiate to the temples, back of the head and along the jaw line. There may be muscle tenderness when chewing. Clicking or popping sounds may be heart when attempting to open or close the mouth. There may be grating sensations or sounds when chewing. Occasionally, the jaw will feel like it is locked, making it difficult to open or close. Bruxism, or grinding of the teeth, can lead to headache and jaw tenderness, particularly when awakening. Sometimes, yawning may bring on these symptoms.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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