Pinworms are an intestinal parasites. Infestation is a common occurrence in children, and are more of a nuisance than a major health problem. Pinworm infestation is the most common parasitic worm infection in the U.S. and is very common worldwide, particularly in cold climates. These worms commonly infest the cecum (pouch like beginning of the large intestine on the right side to which the appendix is attached), large intestine, anus and skin around the anus.
Causes of Pinworms
Pinworms infestation is caused by the roundworm, Enterobius vermicularis. The worm is very small, measuring at most 10 mm in its adult form. The pinworms travel from the cecum to the rectum to lay eggs around the anus and buttocks. The tiny eggs are picked up on the fingers by scratching, and the eggs are transferred to others on toilet seats or by hand-to-hand or hand-to-mouth contact. They may also drift in the air, where they are inhaled or swallowed. Eggs then hatch in the small intestine and the larvae travel to the cecum, where they mature, mate and repeat the cycle.
Signs and Symptoms of Pinworms
Intense itching around the anus is the most common symptom. It is much worse at night. Skin irritation may occur from constant itching. Frequently, sleep is restless or interrupted. Women may develop a vaginal discharge or vaginal itching. Occasionally, abdominal pain may occur. These small white worms may be seen in the stool.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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