This condition is defined by recurrent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive, ritualistic behaviors (compulsions). It usually begins in adolescence and fluctuates throughout life. It never completely goes away, and sometimes becomes more severe. New cases after age 50 are rare.
Causes of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
Exact cause of the condition is unknown. It may be related to an imbalance in a brain chemical called serotonin. Serotonin is involved in regulating repetitive behavior. Brain damage (e.g., encephalitis) can also result in obsessional symptoms.
Signs and Symptoms of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
Obsessions and/or compulsions that consume more than an hour a day. They cause significant distress or impairment. Obsessions are recurrent thoughts and attempts to ignore or resist them are unsuccessful. Obsessions include: thoughts of violence, fears of infection (from germs, dirt, etc.), doubts (is the front door shut, locked; is the iron on), excessive orderliness or symmetry, and constant brooding (over a word, phrase or unanswerable problem). Compulsions (actions) are repetitive, purposeful behaviors in response to the thoughts (obsessions) in an attempt to neutralize the thought and include: checking in response to doubt (locks, doors, windows), hand washing, counting, hoarding, and repeaters such as dressing rituals.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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