Cancer of the colon, or large intestine, occurs when there is an uncontrolled growth of cells from some region. This type of cancer is very common, being the second most common site for cancer (following lung) in the U.S. Any portion of the colon can be involved, including the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon. However, about half of all colorectal cancers are in the rectum. Colon cancer is more common in women, rectal cancer more common in men. The condition is rare before age 40 and most cases develop in people over 60 years of age.
Causes of Large-intestine Cancer
Unknown. About 1 out of every 8 cases of colorectal cancer are hereditary. Inflammatory disorders that affect the large intestine, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, if they are chronic, can increase the risk of developing colon cancer. Diet seems to be of significance. a high fat, low-fiber diet tends to be associated with a higher risk of developing colon cancer. Additionally, chronic consumption of excessive alcohol may also be a risk factor.
Signs and Symptoms of Large-intestine Cancer
The symptoms vary by location. The hallmark of this disorder is frequently thought of as changes in bowel habits. This means that the size of the stool or its shape has significantly changed. There may be more or less frequent stools. Blood may occur in the stool, or if the bleeding is not close to the rectum, the blood may appear black. Abdominal pain may occur. There may be pain the rectum and rectal discomfort or the sensation of incomplete emptying of the rectum may occur. Loss of appetite and weight loss develop as the disease progresses. Anemia can develop with shortness of breath, rapid heart rate, pallor and exercise intolerance.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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