The gingival refers to the gums. In Gingivitis, there is inflammation of the gums. This disorder often appears during puberty. It may fluctuate, but often persist to varying degrees throughout life.
Causes of Gingivitis
Gingivitis may occur from poor nutrition, especially vitamin deficiencies that cause diseases such as scurvy or pellagra. Plaque, which is a hard deposit of food, germs and mucus that forms at the base of the teeth, can produce gingivitis. People with uncontrolled diabetes and pregnant women are particularly prone to develop inflammation of the gums. Less common causes of gingivitis include blood disorders, such as leukemia, adverse reactions to drugs, such as anticonvulsants (primarily phenytoin and barbiturates), and exposure to lead and bismuth.
Signs and Symptoms of Gingivitis
Gingivitis produces gums that are swollen, tender and red. Gentle pressure, even that produced by brushing the teeth, may make the gums bleed. Bad breath may occur. Fever is uncommon. It the disorder progresses, periodontitis can develop. In this condition, the supporting structures of the teeth can become infected and weakened, leading to tooth loss.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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