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Encephalitis, Viral
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Overview of Encephalitis, Viral 
Viral encephalitis is usually an acute infection, caused by a virus, of some or the entire brain. It caused damage to the cells of the brain, leading to swelling. Viral encephalitis may be a primary disorder, such as herpes encephalitis. However, it more commonly occurs as secondary complication following viral disorders such as measles, chickenpox, rubella, vaccinia and other less known viruses. Vaccination for smallpox can be followed by encephalitis.
Causes of Encephalitis, Viral
This infection is the result of Viruses that cause other illnesses such as measles, mumps, chickenpox, infectious mononucleosis, infectious hepatitis, German measles and smallpox. In addition, some viruses that may cause generalized symptoms and viral encephalitis include coxsackievirus and echovirus. Other viruses primarily affect the nervous system, such as polio, herpes, and Eastern and Western equine viruses carried by mosquitoes or other insects. Lead poisoning, vaccine reactions and leukemia can produce encephalitis clinically, but it is not an infectious process.
Signs and Symptoms of Encephalitis, Viral
There may be a progression of symptoms that occurs with encephalitis. Many cases may be mild, particularly when occur in conjunction with a generalized viral disease such as chickenpox. However, some forms and cases of encephalitis may be severe, leading to coma and death. Initially, there is fatigue, weakness and fever and chills and weight loss. Frequent sweating, especially at night, may occur. Vague aches and pains develop. There may be rapid heart rate. As the disorder worsens, symptoms become more ominous. There are high fevers with severe chills. Shortness of breath may occur. Swelling may be noted, particularly involving the feet, legs and abdomen. Rapid and irregular heart beat may occur or worsen.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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