Bronchitis can be divided into acute and chronic forms. In the acute form, the trachea and bronchi, or the large airways of the lungs, become inflamed. The infection generally spreads through the bronchi. A deep cough occurs that usually brings up yellowish sputum. In chronic bronchitis there is chronic inflammation and thickening of the lining of the bronchial tubes. As these airways narrow, there might be difficulty breathing. There is often large amounts of mucus produced, further impairing breathing. Most people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have a combination of emphysema and bronchitis.
Causes of Bronchitis, Chronic
The major cause of chronic bronchitis is smoking. Repeated exposure to air pollution or other airborne allergens, may lead to chronic bronchitis. The chronic inflammation leads to thickening and narrowing of the bronchial tubes. Loss of elasticity is also apparent. It may occur in combination with other disorders which have a common cause, such as emphysema.
Signs and Symptoms of Bronchitis, Chronic
The hallmark of chronic bronchitis is chronic cough with the production of large amounts of thick sputum. There may be associated shortness of breath. Fever and changes in the color of the sputum can occur if secondary infection occurs in the lungs.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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