The lack of absorption of vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) is the cause of pernicious anemia. This vitamin is found only in animal products, such as meat, fish and dairy products This disorder usually is seen in adults between ages 50 and 60. The symptoms of pernicious anemia are slow to develop and frequently difficult to diagnose. However, they tend to progress over time and become more obvious.
Causes of Anemia, Pernicious
Absence of a chemical secreted by the stomach's membrane lining that makes absorption of vitamin B-12 impossible. The lack of this vitamin is thought to be due to a genetic or autoimmune disorder. There may also be a decrease of hydrochloric acid following stomach surgery which can cause the disorder. Hydrochloric acid is essential for the absorption of vitamin B-12.
Signs and Symptoms of Anemia, Pernicious
Symptoms of this condition are: weakness, especially in the arms and legs, sore tongue, nausea, loss of appetite, weight loss, bleeding gums, numbness and tingling in the hands and feet. There is also difficulty maintaining proper balance. Other signs may be pale lips, tongue, gums, yellow eyes and skin, shortness of breath, depression, confusion, dementia, and headache. There may also be a decrease in memory and ringing in the ears, tinnitus.
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Medical Content Last Updated on 07/12/2008
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